Examining the system and the results Essay Example for Free

Examining the system and the results Essay Specific rules are also taken into accounts which affect the speed of an ambulance vehicle such as number of lanes, number of traffic lights, restricted access, presence of schools, street markets, the width of the road and conditions of the road surface. Each road within the logical network was given a weight according to the different rules mentioned above. This weight is a numerical value that is used along with travel time costs (speed limits and lengths) in order to find weighted travel time costs which consider all the rules that could affect the speed of the vehicles in reality. For example, if a road has one lane, it will be given more weight than the two lanes road. The travel costs of these roads are then re-calculated by multiplying the weight with the travel cost. As a result of this procedure, the calculated travel time (weighted) will be higher in one lane road than two lanes road; i. e. one lane roads will be inadvisable because a vehicle is expected to take much time to travel along these roads than the two lanes and will have an effect on manoeuvre ability of ambulance vehicles along these roads. This procedure is then repeated for all other rules in order to find the travel time costs (table 7). The general rules which considers the day of the week and time of day are then integrated. This is done by adding other weights to the road, dependant on the day and the time, according to that the real travel time cost will be updated Two terms will be used when integrating the expert knowledge to the system, travel time and weighted travel time. Travel time only considers the length and the speed of each road while weighted travel time considers both the travel time and the rules which have already been set from the experts. By assigning various weights (numerical value) to the roads depending on priorities of choosing one route rather than another, it is possible to achieve a more accurate travel time on the streets. This is done by multiplying the weights field to the travel time field to get another field that can be called weighted travel time. Weighted travel times can be then used as the cost field ArcView Network Analyst to find the fastest route between two points. This system was examined by setting up several scenarios based on various times and rules collected from ambulance drivers’ knowledge in order to find the least time cost routes between an incident and a hospital location. As an example it seen that the ambulance drivers usually prefer two lanes roads than one-way lane. This is because it is hard for the drivers to manoeuvre on one-lane roads especially when there is road’s congestion or car accident on the way. Therefore different weights would be assigned to each of these roads in order to find the fastest route that considers the one-lane’s factor. The one lane factor in addition to other factors will be discussed in the scenarios below. Scenarios two, three and four integrates some of the expert knowledge while scenario one is used by norm navigation systems. A comment string field was added to the road network layer to detail the reason of giving such weight or the reason of giving a negative value to the travel cost field as seen in table 8. This scenario calculates the least travel time route (fastest route) in minutes based on using the MINUTES field in the road which is calculated from distance/speed. The speed in here represents the speed limits in km/h. This scenario is used mostly by norm navigation systems such as Dell/Navteq GPS Navigation System in order to find the quickest path between two points. The response time was 3. 25 minutes in this scenario after converting it from hours (figure 4) and related attributes (table 9). Scenario two This scenario assumes that several streets of previous route exist within a school zone of 200 metres. For example, between 1:30-2:30 P. M. this zone is predicted to be congested due the car parking and students crossing the streets. Therefore any street which falls within this zone will be assigned to a weight of 1. 1 while other values are assigned to 1. Then the weight field (weight1) is multiplied by the travel time cost field (MINUTES) to calculate another weighted travel time field (INCHES). As a result of this procedure the travel time will be maximised along these weighted streets as seen in figure 5. The response time was 3.78 minutes as seen in table 10. Scenario three This scenario assumes that a roadwork is in progress, on one side of a local street at the same time as the previous scenario. This temporal data can be collected from the municipality periodically and update the system according to it. Another weight of 1. 1 is assigned to that street which will re-route the current path in order to avoid the expected delay time. In this scenario the response time was 3. 87 as seen in table 11. The re-routed fastest path is shown in figure 6.

Political Bosses in America Essay -- Politics American History

Political Bosses in America As industrialization caused cites to grow in leaps and bounds, political bosses started to take power. As the 19th Century came to a close, almost every sizable city had a political boss, or at least had one rising to power. Tons of immigrants from every part of the world began to pour into the major cities. Cities have had diversity in the past, but the huge diversity of the American cities was unique. The only thing the new immigrants had in common with each other was the dream of becoming rich and the poverty of their current state. Unfortunately, so many different people with so little in common often left tension between different groups on the edge of becoming violent outbreaks. The famous Tammany set the example early on of how to broaden it's ow...

Comparing “Is Google Making Us Stupid?” and “a Life of the Senses”

Throughout the course of history, technology has changed us. It gave us a way to communicate in long distances. It gave us a way to produce goods faster and more efficiently. And it gave us the convenience to acquire knowledge with just one click of a button. However, there are bad effects as there are good. Nicolas Carr’s â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid? † and Richard Louv’s â€Å"A Life of the Senses†, discusses the different effects of technology on people. Carr’s essay, â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid? discusses technology’s effect in our way of thinking, while Louv’s essay, â€Å"A Life of the Senses† discusses the change in our lifestyle and our senses. From the get go, Carr says that â€Å"†¦I’ve had an uncomfortable feeling that someone, or something, has been tinkering with my brain, remapping the neutral circuitry, reprogramming my memory† (1). Sure enough, it actually has been. Most of us probabl y have had this feeling; a feeling like something was off. It becomes more apparent when we try to read a long essay, or a novel.We sit around and read a few paragraphs or a few pages, but not for long we â€Å"†¦begin looking for something else to do† (1). We come to realize that we can’t concentrate, we feel impatient and we find ourselves staring at an LCD screen, or maybe an LED screen, doing what we usually do: nothing. When a question arises about that essay we were about to read, we push a few keys, click a few link and voila! Here is a whole page in which we will exercise more of our laziness. We then start to wonder what causes this.Surprisingly, one of our most important means of communication and source of information is causing this. The Net, is chipping away our capacity for concentration and contemplation (1). Louv refers to this in his essay as the â€Å"know-it-all state of mind† (667). We browse and browse and browse and we skim everything we see. We want to acquire information and we want it immediately. This want to acquire information as fast as we can load the page, becomes a habit and changes us into something like the very machine we use to get all of this information.We are turned into something like our favorite search engine. It can get you answers fast, but it doesn’t understand any of it. As Louv and Carr would say, we are skimming at the surface but we don’t penetrate vertically. (667, 1) It’s scary to know that the Net made us developed a habit that turns us into robots, but it’s much scarier when we find out that it’s actually changing the way we think. We seek maximum speed, maximum efficiency, and maximum output just likeTaylor’s system mentioned in Carr’s essay. This system was created to boost production in factories, and is still used even now. It did us a lot of good economically, but without even noticing, this system has wormed its way to our brain s and made it our philosophy, or, as Louv quoted from Daniel Yankelovich, our religion. This faith is taking over our minds. It’s making us stupid in terms of our depth of understanding, but it doesn’t end there. The Net or technology as a whole is changing the way we live.Long ago, before the inventions of portable gadgets, people used to look out the car window, people used to go out with friends and kids used to play outside and exercise their imaginations, but now technology has changed everything. Instead of looking out in the horizon people stare at their small radioactive devices, throwing birds that need counseling at pyramids of sticks and stones built by green mutated pigs. Instead, of going out with friends they try and fit all their thoughts and feeling into a box that can only contain one hundred forty letters.Instead of playing outside they stay inside watching television, tinkering with their gaming consoles, and or trying to win the title â€Å"heavies t kid on earth. † People are missing out on all of the good things the outside world can give us. Their missing out the kind of fun I felt when my siblings and I played â€Å"Whoever counts the most cow wins. † I miss those days, and sure enough we’re all going start looking for it. And when we do, businesses are going to be there to â€Å"provide† you with a quick and easy way to fulfill this need.Industries soon get profit from â€Å"concocted nature† even when we can get it for free. We fall for it anyways, because even if the â€Å"nature† we see is just a simulation our brain thinks that it’s fine. Synthetic or real, it doesn’t matter, and I suspect that the system embedded in our brains is the cause of this. When we start to feel that we want something, we automatically think that we want it now, and the closest thing that can give fulfill this need is our computer, or, if were up to it, the mall. It’s just a much f aster and more efficient way to fulfill the current task.On the other hand, when we start looking at artificial nature we start to lose our appreciation and understanding for actual nature. For example, before all of the images of the Grand Canyon people used to at it in awe. They would explore it, admire it and speculate how all of it came about, but now, we take a picture, post it in a social media site, caption it with half-hearted praises and since there’s nothing more to see or say we turn around and drive away. We saw it and now it’s time to leave, just like another webpage. The system digs even deeper.To obtain something, you must first lose something. In this case, to obtain information faster we must lose our traditional way of learning by experience. As Louv quotes Edward Reed, â€Å"We are beginning ‘to lose the ability to experience our world directly. What we have come to mean by the term experience is impoverished; what we have of experience in dai ly life is impoverished as well’† (670). We rely so much on the information we know from the Net that we think we can do anything, well, as long as we can search the instructions online, or we can watch how to, via online streaming.We become uninterested in actually doing something, since we already â€Å"know† how to. We are left in the dark on how something actually works, because we don’t really need more than knowing how to turn something on. As a result, the most important means of gathering information is now missing. However, just like Carr and Louv I think that some of us are focusing on the negatives too much. We have exponentially advanced in terms of production, distribution, processing information and a lot more.My grandmother survived cancer because of technology, and God, knows that the internet has helped me many times in homework’s and projects. It’s the primary tool for students after all, well that and the library. Neverthel ess, it’s definitely not all bad. There may be some possibilities that we are turning into robots, but there may also be more chances that we’re just changing into something better. One can develop a machine to process information and someday it may be able to fully understand it, but people are not machines.We can process information and we can understand them; it’s just that we developed a certain affinity of getting what we need first rather than understanding. I think of it a testing period for a prototype of the perfect machine, but this time it’s a prototype of a perfect way of thinking. We may find a way to get something fast and fully understand it in the future, but for now we are evolving. If you still think that we are turning into nothing more than computer, always remember that computers can never feel, and no matter what we humans do, we will always feel.

Monarchy Essay - 1462 Words

In Canada, the type of government it should have is a monarchy. Although, there are many benefits and disadvantages to a monarchy, there are many drawbacks to having a republic government. Canada is a theatre, in which every citizen played a significant role. Of this grand production, the monarchist is a playwright who tampers with the script to give Canada the benefits, while giving the nation it’s own independence. Monarchy is a form of government in a state, in which an individual has sovereign power. The ruler is known as the monarch, which refers to the head of state or ruler of a monarchy (Makarenko, 2007). The majority of monarchs can hold the position for their lifetime; however, their authority can be transmitted in two†¦show more content†¦As the Queen’s representative, the Governor General has the ability to dissolves the House of Commons and to call for an election. As well, in a lecture on November 7, 2011, to a POLI 101 class, Professor Ding said that the Governor General formally appoints the prime minister, cabinet ministers, senators etc. More importantly, Ding also said the Governor Generals gives royal assent to bills in order to make it law. In addition, Lieutenant Governors are appointed to do the same as the Governor Generals but in a provincial level. The constitutional monarchy is an essential to Canada, there are three reasons proceeding that will illustrate this importance. There are numerous reasons to keeping a constitutional monarchy system in Canada. Firstly, by having the monarchial system, Canada is able to have an â€Å"arbiter† to make any decision that the Canadian government may have in certain situations (Coyne, 2009, p. 27). One example of this situation is for a bill to officially become law (). Eventually the Queen’s representative, the Governor General, decides whether or not to give royal assent. In a lecture on November 7, 2011, to a POLI 101 class, Professor Ding said that the Gov ernor General is requested to dissolve parliament. The Governor General has the right to exercise these â€Å"rightsShow MoreRelatedMonarchy Vs. Constitutional Monarchy3315 Words   |  14 PagesAbsolute Monarchy vs Constitutional Monarchy The difference between absolute monarchy and constitutional monarchy is that in the absolute monarchy, the monarch holds the supreme or absolute powers, whereas in the constitutional monarchy, the head of state is a hereditary or elected monarch. The law within a constitutional monarchy might be different from the law within an absolute monarchy. Differences between absolute and constitutional monarchies emerged during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuriesRead MoreAbolishing the Monarchy Essay692 Words   |  3 PagesAbolishing the Monarchy Palaces, presents and pearls, is that really all that the Royal Familys life involves? 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